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Text File
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1998-06-30
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378 lines
MULTI-USER ADD
You must first create a text file before you can use this program
properly. Each line is the record for one user account. See "Record
Format" on page 4-13 for details on creating this file.
The rest of this subsection describes the functionality of this
window's fields and buttons.
Fields
This window contains the following fields:
Filename of Accounts DB
Use this field to specify which database file contains the user
account information.
Hostnames
If you want to limit this user's access to specific hostnames within
a pool, enter those hostnames in this field. If you are entering
multiple entries, leave a blank between each entry. You can also use
the arrow button to the right to select the available hosts from the
current pool.
Starting User ID Number
If the Userid field (field #5) is left blank in any of the records,
Enlighten will assign the first available (unique) Userid found
(higher than the UID entered in this field). Click on the arrow
button on the right to view the already assigned UserID's. A pop-up
menu will appear with a current list of UserID's. Highlight the
desired ID number and then click on the Apply button. Enlighten will
automatically insert the starting Userid into the appropriate
record.
Default User Group
If the GroupID Number field (field #6) is left blank in any of the
records, Enlighten will use this field to assign those users a
default Group Name. Click on the arrow button on the right to view a
current list of User Groups. Highlight the desired entry in the
pop-up menu and then click on the Apply button to make the
selection. Enlighten will automatically insert the Group Name into
the appropriate record.
Default Home directory
If the Home Directory field (field #7) is left blank in any of the
records, Enlighten will use this field to assign those users a
default Home directory. Use the full path name of the parent
directory where all user's HOME directories will be created.
If you specify a HOME directory which does not exist, Enlighten
creates and initializes it. Enlighten initializes the HOME directory
by executing the HOME directory initialization script
$ENLIGHTEN/scripts/user.rc. This copies the initialization files
(e.g., .profile and .cshrc) into the HOME directory. You can modify
this script to perform other initialization procedures. These
procedures are not done on the Windows NT platform. It will generate
an error if the directory doesn't exist on a NT system.
Windows style paths may also be entered, e.g. c:\users\charlie.
However, this path will be converted to //c/users/charlie on any
UNIX platform that is in the current hostnames selection field or
in the current pool. This can be changed by entering two paths.
The following examples show valid entries:
c:\users\charlie|/home/charlie
/home/charlie|c:\users\charlie
/home/charlie|\users\charlie
The symbol '|' is the pathname delimiter. Only one can occur in the
field. Each individual pathname must not contain both '/' and '\'.
A zero length pathname is an error condtion.
You may also use macros in this field, see "User Account Macros" on
page J-2 for more details.
Default Startup Shell
If the Shell field (field #8) is left blank in any of the records,
Enlighten will use this field to assign those users a default shell.
Click on the arrow button on the right to view a current list of
shells. Highlight the desired entry in the pop-up menu and then
click on the Apply button to make the selection. Enlighten will
automatically insert the shell name into the appropriate record.
Mail Alias
This field specifies the default mail alias the account will use. An
alias designates a short name as the substitute for the full
pathname for a particular user or group. You may also use macros in
this field, see "User Account Macros" on page J-2 for more details.
Mail Lists
This field specifies which mailing lists will be updated to include
this user. A mail list defines a group of people under one alias, so
sending mail to that alias will distribute a copy everyone on that
list. Click on the arrow button for a pick list of defined Mail
Lists.
Default Password Configuration
When a user is created in UNIX, he or she must be assigned a
password. If the password field (field #9) is left blank in the
database record, the system must be told which method to use to
create a password. Choose one of the following options as the
default:
+ Add all users with the same initial password (the default)
+ Generate random password for each user
+ Password same as user name
Initial Password
Use this field if you choose to add all users with the same initial
password. Enter the password to be assigned to all the user accounts
created from this process. Remember to check later and make sure
each new user has changed his initial password. You may also use
macros in this field, see "User Account Macros" on page J-2 for more
details.
Password to expire
For systems that support password aging, this optional field
contains the time when the password will expire. Once a password has
expired, the system will force the user to change their password the
next time they login to the system.
If this field is left blank, the appropriate default parameter will
be used. If no default is set in the User Add window (when you're
adding a user), password aging will be turned off for that user. For
more details.
See "TIME FORMATS" at bottom of help page.
Span between changes
In conjunction with the Expires field, this field defines the
minimum period of time which needs to elapse before the user can
change his or her password. You can, however, change the user's
password at any time via Enlighten.
See "TIME FORMATS" at bottom of help page.
Buttons
This window contains the following buttons.
Add
Once you've entered the relevant information, click on the Add
button to start the user account creation process. Enlighten first
checks all field entries are valid and then starts creating the new
user accounts.
Enlighten will then output a list of generated passwords after all
the accounts have been created. Click on the Print button if you
want to print the list.
Clear Fields
Click on this button to clear the existing choices in all fields.
Template
Click on this button for a pick list of defined New User Templates.
You can use one of this templates to populate default values in the
new user's account, make any necessary changes, and then Add the
user. Only those field which are currently blank (in the Create New
User Account window) will be initialized from your selected
template.
Close
Click on this button to discard any changes and close the window.
USER ACCOUNT MACROS
You can use macros to help initialize the form fields when you
create a User Account. You can enter these macros manually. Or you
can have them fill (some of) the form fields automatically by first
defining them in a New User Template and using that template when
you create the user account.
The following types of fields accept macros in these two windows:
+ Login Name
+ Home dir.
+ Password
+ Mail Alias
For working examples, see "Macro Name" on page J-3.
Format
A macro has the following format:
%<Modifiers><Macro Name>
Modifiers
<Modifiers> are optional (you can define them multiple times). You
can use the <Modifiers> to specify only specific parts of the field,
such as the first letter of the field, or to manipulate and convert
the given input.
A modifier has the following format:
[<Converter><Range>]
where <Converter> is one or more of the following characters:
l - Convert the resulting string to lower case
L - Same as `l'
u - Convert the resulting string to upper case
U - Same as `u'
s - Do not include SPACEs
_ - Replace SPACEs with underscores (_)
and the <Range> applies to the complete string in the field (by
default). Or you can apply a range to a specific word in the input
string.
Consequently, a <Range> has the following format:
$<word number><Character Range>
where <word number> shows the word's sequence in the string (this is
optional). The first word would be addressed as $1, the second word
as $2, and so on. You can also use $0 to address the first word.
<Character Range> is a comma separated list of character ranges in
the form. If you specify a <word number>, you must first use a comma
(`,') in the range list.
The character range itself has the following format:
<start char>-<end char>
where <start char> and <end char> are character numbers. You can
omit one end of the range to signify the "start of string" and "end
of string" respectively. Ranges which go beyond the end of the
string are truncated to match the string.
Macro Name
<Macro Name> is one of the following characters:
g - replace with the users' GID
u - replace with the users' UID
G - replace with the users' group name
U - replace with the users' login name (username)
R - replace with data from the users' Real Name field
O - replace with date from the users' Office field
T - replace with date from the users' Telephone field
Examples
These definitions make more sense when they are viewed as examples.
Assume for the following example, the following data is true:
Real Name: Thomas Kraus
Login Name: tmk
UID: 302
You could then define the following macros and see the following
substitutions.
Field Name Macro Value
-------------------------------------------
Home Dir /home/%U /home/tmk
Password %U-%u tmk-302
Mail Alias %[u$1]R_%[u$2]R THOMAS_KRAUS
Login Name %[l$1,1][l$2,-6] tkraus
Some explanations:
/home/%U Create the directory /home/<login name>
%U-%u Get the User name and add the UID (separated by a dash)
%[u$1]R_%[u$2]R Get the first word of the users' real name and add
the second word of the user's real name (separated by an
underscore). Convert both strings to upper case.
%[l$1,1][l$3,-6]R Take the first letter of the users first name and
the first six letters of the users' last name. Convert both strings
to lower case.
Record Format
The format for each record in the text file is:
Field # Description Comment
1 Login Name Mandatory
2 User Real Name Mandatory
3 Office Optional
4 Telephone Optional
5 Userid Number Optional
6 Groupid Number Optional
7 Home Directory Optional
8 Shell Optional
9 Password Optional
Each record (line) in the file represents one user. Each user can
have up to nine fields in the record. Use a comma (,) to separate
each field specified. Each record is terminated with a carriage
return (<CR>). There is no limit to the amount of records you can
specify in the file.
The following example sets the account details for five people.
fred,The Fredster
barney,The Barnarama,Head office
wilma,Wilma Fraglerock,,233-7625
betty,Betty Boomrock,,,401,other
bambam,Boom,,,403,other,/usr/bambam,/bin/sh,bedrock
TIME FORMATS
There are several fields throughout the Enlighten product where you
can specify a date/time format. For each of these fields, you can
specify the date and/or time period in two ways: absolutely or
relatively.
The first is as a static period, where the period entered is the
absolute period used in the search. This is the only way to search
for a combined date/time format. To look for a file created since
May 10, 1996 at 12 noon, you could use the entry: May 10 96 at
12:00.
The second is a relative period, where the period entered is set
against the current system clock time and then applied during the
search. This is strictly a time OR date format, e.g., 2 seconds or 1
month. To find users who have been logged in during the last three
days, you could use the entry: 3 days.
Either way, the format is case-insensitive. For example, you could
use JAN, Jan, or jan as the abbreviation for the month of January.
This appendix shows all the BNF time measurements in initial caps
(e.g., Jan or January, 2 Sec or 2 Seconds, etc.).
Some typical uses of the static format in a Date search field are:
Absolute: 15 1996 (defaults to the current month)
Jan 1 97
July 4 (defaults to the current year)
Some additional uses of the absolute format in a Time search field
are:
June 15 at 3 PM (defaults to the current year)
June 16 at 2AM (defaults to the current year)
June 17 96 at 15:31
18 at 9:31:14 AM (defaults to current month AND year)
Some typical uses of the relative format in a Date search field are:
Relative: 1 second
5 Min
1 day
2 weeks
1 Year
The rest of this appendix defines the time formats you can use
whenever you fill in a date and/or time field.